Youth mental health in Jamaica has become an urgent public health concern, influenced by socioeconomic disparities, community violence, and limited mental health service accessibility. This quantitative study analysed secondary data from 2005 to 2023, sourced from national agencies and international organisations, including the Ministry of Health and Wellness, the Statistical Institute of Jamaica, and UNICEF. The study examined mental health indicators such as suicide rates, depression prevalence, school dropout due to psychological distress, and access to mental health services, alongside socioeconomic variables like youth unemployment and exposure to community violence. Results revealed that suicide rates nearly doubled from 2.1 to 4.8 per 100,000 youth, while depression prevalence increased from 11.4% to 25.6%. Female adolescents reported significantly higher rates of depression and suicide attempts, whereas male youth exhibited higher suicide completion rates. Statistical analyses indicated strong positive correlations between youth unemployment and depression (r = 0.78, p < .01), as well as community violence and poor mental health outcomes. Multiple regression analysis confirmed unemployment and violence exposure as significant predictors of youth depression. Despite policy efforts, access to mental health services remained inadequate, particularly in rural areas where fewer than half of the youth had access to school-based counselling. These findings underscore the critical need for multisectoral interventions that address structural determinants such as unemployment and violence, expand mental health infrastructure, and implement gender-sensitive programming. This study fills a significant gap in Jamaican youth mental health research, offering evidence-based recommendations for policymakers to improve mental health outcomes through targeted, data-informed strategies.